PEP Pros and Cons

A panel of advisers and providers who use PEPs discuss the benefits and potential pitfalls for clients and advisory firms.

Pooled employer plans, introduced in 2019 with the passage of the Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act, are still relatively new to the marketplace.

Because of that, some advisers may not yet offer them to plan sponsors as part of their practice. Should they be doing so? Or is there a risk of putting unnecessary time and effort into the latest “product of the day”?

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The answer, according to a panel of retirement plan advisers and providers who use PEPs, is that an advisory may be at risk if they aren’t at least conversant in the PEP space, and depending on its client pool, have an option on offer.

Phillip Senderowitz, managing director, Strategic Retirement Partners, said PEPs, multi-employer plans, and group of plans are all useful tools in serving smaller plans at scale. The three services, he said, “have been key in marketing more toward the smaller market space.”

Senderowitz noted that, when he initially started working on small plan options, the PEP emerged as a good “turnkey” approach for smaller employers prioritizing ease of use over numerous options.

“When we talked to smaller companies on the startup or small plan side, we say, ‘hey, this is a way you can have a retirement plan without being in the retirement plan business,’” he said.

Even so, the adviser noted that there are many other options for startups and small plans, so group plans should be considered carefully both for the client, and the advisory, particularly in terms of the expected number of adopted plans.

Fiduciary Hand-Off

John Jurik, U.S. practice leader at Gallagher, said the simplicity of a PEP offering, including having in place the recordkeeper, investment lineup, and fiduciary backing, can help a smaller plan sponsor to free up time and resources elsewhere. He noted one client that Gallagher moved into a PEP saved about $30,000 annually, which it then used on a financial wellness option for employees.

“I think it is an opportunity for those plan sponsors to more broadly evaluate their HR strategies,” he said.

Jurik did note that a PEP should not just be sold for cost, but as a way to consider different plan options and provider services as a whole.

Ted Schmelzle, second vice president, retirement plan services at The Standard, agreed that a PEP’s key advantages are not just price point, even though that may have been an early assumption of the product. The real focus on the product in the market today is its ability to provide fiduciary capabilities and administration with one option—as opposed to separate outsourced responsibilities.

“The employers don’t want to be ERISA experts,” he said. “Nobody said, ‘Dave, I’m going to have a qualified retirement plan and the reason is I really want to know the intricacies of ERISA and the pitfalls and all that fun stuff.’”

Different Flavors

The panelists noted that an advisory can offer different “flavors” of PEPs. There can be an option provided through a third-party pooled plan provider, or a PEP setup in-house by an advisory—which may take more time, setup, and learnings.

“It’s important to think about your block of business and what’s the value proposition relative to those employers,” Schmelzle said. “Also, do you have enough scale in order to make it viable? There are a couple of lenses to look at that through, whether it’s the provider that is going to be working with you on the PEP, or whether it’s reaching scale to justify your own cost—those are important questions.”

Senderowitz noted that if an advisory creates a PEP, but cannot populate it with adopting employees, then the pricing advantage will be lost in working with the provider.

“If you cannot populate the PEP, then there’s no point to putting in the time and energy on the front end to set it up,” he said.

Jurik said that, at Gallagher, its leadership team took time to consider whether to include PEPs in their practice after the legislation passed. Once they chose to use PEPs, they didn’t put any mandates around advisers selling them, and there is no special compensation program around them.

The greater advantage to having a PEP, he said, is being able to play “both offense and defense” in this new marketplace.

“As our industry evolves, if you are strictly going to be anti-PEP, then you are doing a disservice to your clients,” he said. “It’s going to be the right fit for some organizations, and it’s not going to be right for others …. But either way, you can be the expert as a true retirement adviser, and you want to take those ideas to your clients before somebody else does.”

Evaluating a Retirement Income ‘Easy Button’

Morningstar researchers delve into the promise, and difficulties, of target-date series investment options with annuities.

A report released Tuesday by Morningstar Inc. asks the question: “Can a new wave of target-date strategies be the easy button for retirement income?”

In a review of the market of relatively new TDF products designed with annuity distributions, Morningstar researchers concluded that, while the products have potential to help in retirement saving and decumulation, uptake will require both education and communication among participants.

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The investment data and analytics researchers acknowledge the need for saving decumulation management with the number of retirees expected to “skyrocket” in coming years. They noted, as TDFs have become one of the most popular savings accumulation options, the investment industry in recent years has leaned into a “new wave of target-date strategies that try to make that transition easier by including annuities as part of their glide path.”

ince 2020, at least 10 target-date series with some form of annuity have been launched, according to Morningstar estimates, which includes  BlackRock Inc.’s launch of a new series this April with about $27 billion committed from over 14 plan sponsors.

Products, however, are not equivalent to market share, the researchers note. They estimatedtotal assets in TDF vehicles with annuities to be less than $50 billion in a TDF market that stood at $3.5 trillion at the end of 2023.

“Annuities can help with many retirement spending decisions, but they still may not be the right choice for everyone,” wrote the research team led by Jason Kephart, director, multi-asset ratings, global manager research, for Morningstar. “Education remains these products’ biggest hurdle to success.”

In the report, Morningstar explained the potential benefits of annuities to guard against longevity and market risks, with positive aspects both for retirees who spend too much, or those who have the tendency to hoard savings unnecessarily. Even so, the firm noted the psychological roadblocks to many savers in purchasing an annuity.

“Despite annuities’ benefits, not many retirees purchase them,” the researchers wrote. “Past research has pointed to the complexity of annuities, their marketplace, and behavioral barriers to annuities, such as our tendency to loss aversion, regret aversion, and temporal discounting, as reasons for the takeup rate. Some retirees, for example, may see annuities as a gamble, since they can’t know for certain they will live long enough to spend all the money they put in an annuity. Others might be uncomfortable with some annuities’ lack of flexibility.”

Auto Potential

Morningstar wrote that, among providers, AllianceBernstein’s AB Lifetime Income has the most assets at about $10 billion at the end of 2023—more than doubling from $5 billion in 2021 after the passage of the original Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019, which created a safe harbor for employers offering an annuity within a 401(k), and also allowed for portability between 401(k) and 403(b) plans.

Morningstar predicted that BlackRock’s LifePath Paycheck series would surpass it after launching in April, though noting the full market will still be a “drop in the ocean of target-date assets.”

Morningstar goes on to lay out some of the target-date series with annuities available in the marketplace by type, including:

Target-Date Series

Annuity

Subtype

Insurers

AB Lifetime Income

Savings

Variable

Multiple

BlackRock LifePath Paycheck

Income

Fixed

Multiple

Income America 5forLife

Savings

Variable

Multiple

Lincoln PathBuilder Income

Savings

Variable

Single

NCIT American Funds Lifetime Income Builder

Savings

Fixed

Single

Nuveen Lifecycle Income

Income

Fixed

Single

SSgA IncomeWise

Income

Fixed

Multiple

SSgA Retirement Income Builder

Savings

Fixed

Multiple

Different Choices

Morningstar explained the different types of annuities, calling out income annuities, which provide a “guaranteed stream of cash in exchange for a lump-sum payment.” The firm noted that these annuities provide “priceless piece of mind for some,” but also have “downsides,” which include having income locked up that may be invested elsewhere, as well as purchasing power that may be eroded by inflation over time.

Another option is a savings annuity with a guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefit, which doesn’t require investors to surrender control of their investments and may provide for more upside than income annuities. The GLWB option allows investors to withdraw a certain percentage of savings each year.

Morningstar also described the challenge for plan fiduciaries  to benchmark and address fee structures depending on the product. Income annuities, the researchers wrote, don’t have “an explicit fee” attached to them, making them harder to compare across products. Meanwhile, savings annuities are easier to compare costs as they have both explicit and implicit fees, but due to that they usually will appear “more expensive in almost all cases.”

The researchers ended on a positive note regarding the development of TDFs with a guaranteed income option.

“Our research shows that the industry is stumbling to catch up to this problem [or retirement decumulation]; though, its most recent efforts—target dates with annuities—show promise,” Morningstar concluded on a positive note concerning the products. “They automate investors’ asset allocations and payments in retirement. They also simplify the annuity buying process by providing only vetted annuity products to investors as well as avoiding advisor commission fees.”

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