This is increasingly via direct funds rather than funds-of-funds. In 2012, Towers Watson’s clients—pension funds, sovereign wealth funds and insurance companies—allocated 70% more assets to hedge fund and private market strategies than in 2010, reaching $12 billion for the year.  

In 2012, the number of hedge fund mandates awarded to direct funds continued to increase, especially in the macroeconomic, fixed income and reinsurance areas. Similarly, in private markets, real estate, private equity and infrastructure, direct funds received the vast majority of assets. During the year, there was particular interest in infrastructure globally, with three times more assets being awarded to investment managers by Towers Watson’s clients than in 2011.  

Zainul Ali, head of manager research, Americas, at Towers Watson, said, “Larger institutional funds are likely to continue to invest in funds directly for most alternative asset classes, rather than via funds-of-funds, as investors continue to focus on better fee structures and greater transparency.”

The Towers Watson data also shows Smart Beta strategies, which capture a premium over time or improve portfolio efficiency through diversification, continued to attract a significant amount of assets ($5 billion) in 2012. These new Smart Beta mandates were mainly allocated in the bonds, commodities and equities, and to a lesser extent in reinsurance, hedge fund and infrastructure. Towers Watson’s institutional investment clients have allocated over $20 billion to Smart Beta strategies to date.   

“These Smart Beta strategies range from relatively simple ideas—such as real estate securities and specialist infrastructure strategies to create liquid diversity—to doing existing betas better, such as nonmarket cap-weighted equities. They also include more specialist solutions with niche asset managers, such as reinsurance, currency carry and volatility premiums,” explained Ali.   

According to Towers Watson, institutional demand for global equity and bond mandates has remained high during the past five years, while demand for U.K.-focused equity and bond funds has fallen substantially during the same period. U.S. and emerging-market bond mandates continued to be popular in 2012, but global bonds were the most popular bond mandate among clients, almost doubling compared to the previous year. In total, bond mandate selections accounted for $24 billion in assets invested last year.  

In equities, global mandates continued to be the most popular with Towers Watson’s clients, closely followed in popularity by U.S. equity and global ex-U.S. equity mandates. In total, equity mandate selections accounted for $22 billion in assets invested last year.  

Manager selection activity globally at Towers Watson exceeded 900 selections in 2012, reflecting around $76 billion of assets moved.